N - n

-n   sfx. FNI. na'éxáéne in my eye.

-n   sfx. Segment which appears as a reflex of PA *n in the history of Cheyenne. It has the allomorph -ne in some forms. Ques: or alternate analysis of -né -t in affixes.txt record for -n Ého'tá-nėstse. They (inan) are here. See: -ne. Category: grammar.

na-   pro. first person possessor prefix. na-néso my child. na-mȧheónáne our (excl.) house. See: ná- ‘1’; he- ‘3PS’. Etym: *ne-. Category: grammar.

ná-   pro. first person independent order verb prefix, I. This verb prefix is high pitched. The high pitch disappears and the vowel is whispered when this prefix is used in a future tense verb. Compare the high pitch of this verb prefix with the low pitch of the corresponding possessive prefix on nouns, as in na-mȧhēō'o 'my house.'. Ná-néméne. I sang. Ná-ho'sóéme. We (excl.) danced. Nȧ-htȧho'eohe. I'll come there. See: na- ‘1PS’; né- ‘2’; é- ‘3’. Category: grammar.

nȧ-   pro. first person independent order verb prefix preceding future tense. Nȧ-htȧho'eohe. I'll come there. See: ná- ‘1’; na- ‘1PS’; né- ‘2’; é- ‘3’. Category: grammar.

naa   p. and, but, well, where. The 'well' would be epistemic, as in English, "Well, that's what he said." naa is typically used as a response begin-quote marker. means 'where is?' only in appropriate contexts. Méhnevȯhkȧho'hēso naa ma'ēno éstaéveamėhnéhoono. A ground squirrel and turtle were walking along. (1980:30:1). Naa John? Where is John? Naa mȯxe'ėstónemȧhēō'o? Where is the school? "Naa néhetóme," éhevoo'o. "Well, you're right," he said. See: mato; tósa'e.

naa máto héva   p. or. Phon: The last two words are usually pronounced together (like mátȯ=héva), as if they were a single word. Hé'tóhe mo'kėhanȯtse námanėstóotȧhahtsenȯtse. Náto'setaomėhemo'kėhanenȯtse naa máto héva vo'ėstane mȧxho'aestse nȧhtanėšėhohtóvanȯtse. These moccasins, I'm making them for myself. They are going to be my own moccasins, naa ; máto héva or if someone wants them, I'll sell them.

Naahéo'hé'e   ni. Gram: loc Otter Creek. near Ashland, Montana. Category: rivers, record.

-naa'é   vai. doctor. Phon: not vs; vowel assim. so that the /ae/ sequence is heard as |aa| historically refers to Indian forms of doctoring; now also includes non-Indian forms of doctoring as in hospitals. var: -nae'é. É-naā'e He is doctoring. hoháesto hetanóho tséohkeévenaa'ese éhmȧhé'toesesto, é'évanaetaesesto Many medicine (doctoring) men were working on him, they were doctoring him. [(1987:108] See: -naa'e ‘die’; -naa'oo'o. vta: -naet. Category: ceremonial.

náa'e   na. otter. may also mean 'mink'. Usage: obsolescing Morph: /nae(h/n)/. Phon: vs; iah ?? Plural naeho. AltPl = naeno (only pl. given in PD; possibly oldest pl.) Obviative naeho, naeno. Etym: *nekikwa (Go88); *nekikwaki (pl) (Go88). Category: animals.

-naa'e   vai. die. É-naa'e He died. Phon: vs É-naéstove. There is dying. Ésáa-naéheo'o. They did not die. Ééše-naa'e. It is the last quarter (of the moon). Euphemism -hovánee'e, -énėhohtsé. See: -naa'é ‘doctor’. Etym: *nepwa. Category: death, sickness, moon.

naa'é-   pv. doctor. éohkeée=ta'se=naa'évo'ėstanéheveo'o They were doctoring people (1987:213).

naa'éamȧho'hestȯtse   ni. ambulance. naa'éamȧho'hestȯtse tséohkeama'eno ambulance driver. Lit: doctoring-car

naa'émȧhéó'o   ni. hospital; clinic. Lit: doctoring-house See: heséeotsémȧhéó'o. Category: buildings.

naa'énoo'ȯtse   ni. Gram: pl doctoring song. Plural naa'énootȯtse. Category: sing.

-naa'ėsee'e   vai. butt numb. Ná-naa'ėsee'e. My butt is numb (from sitting too long). BodyPartMedial -'esé. Category: body.

naa'étane   na. medicine man. Lit: doctor-person Category: ceremonial.

naa'éve'ho'á'e   na. nurse. Plural naa'éve'ho'á'eo'o; Obviative naa'éve'ho'a'o. See: naa'éve'ho'e. Category: jobs.

-naa'éve'ho'a'évėsané   vai. dress as a nurse. É-naa'éve'ho'a'évėsáne. He/She is dressed as a nurse. fai: -sané₂. Category: dress.

naa'éve'ho'e   na. doctor, physician. Lit: doctoring-whiteman refers to a modern doctor who works in a hospital or clinic. See: heséeotséve'ho'e. Category: jobs.

-naa'éve'ho'évėsané   vai. wear doctor's uniform, dress as a doctor. É-naa'éve'ho'évėsáne. He's dressed as a doctor. fai: -sané₂. Category: dress.

naa'évo'ėstane   na. medicine man. See: momȧhtȧhétane. Lit: doctoring-person Plural naa'évo'ėstaneo'o; Obviative naa'évo'ėstanóho.

naa'háanéhe   pro. Gram: an Gram: sg he's the one (distal; old information), that's what he is, there he is. See: nea'háanéhe; tsea'háanéhe. Plural naa'háanevóhe; Obviative naa'háanevóhe.

náa'hanehe   pro. Gram: na-pro-sg there he is (distal; old information). Phon: contraction of naa'háanéhe

-naa'oo'o   na. patient (of a doctor). na-naa'oo'o my patient. he-naa'óono his patient. Morph: /-naa'óon/. Phon: vs; apoc vai: -naa'é. Category: sickness.

naan   na. Gram: poss Ques: reck?? my maternal uncle. Stem -she ‘maternal uncle’. Category: relatives.

naan   na. Gram: poss my maternal uncle. This is one's mother's brother. Stem -she. Category: relatives.

-naeesé   vai. numb nose; nose numb. Ná-naeēse. I have a numb nose / I can't smell any more. Category: nose.

-naeeséohtsé   vai. nose numb. É-naeeséóhtse. His nose is numbing. Category: nose, sickness.

naéhame   na. Gram: poss my husband. Usage: Obsolescing; see comments under noun stem -éhame.

-naehe'oná   vai. have a numb hand. É-naehe'ōna. He has a numb hand. Medial -he'oná. Category: body.

-naéhevo'ema'ov   vta. death-sentence s.o. É-naéhevo'emaohe. He got the death sentence. Category: legal.

-nae'é   vai. doctor. See: -naa'é. Phon: vowel assim. causes this to be pronounced as -naa'é vta: -naet.

-nae'ėhahtaa'e   vai. sit with feet numb; feet go to sleep. É-nae'ėhahtaa'e his foot went to sleep/went numb. Category: body. Phon: vs

náe'ha   voc. Son! Phon: Pronounced the same as Ná-e'ha 'He's afraid of me." Stem -e'ha.

nae'ha   na. Gram: poss my son. Stem -e'ha. Morph: /nae'hah/. Etym: *neki'sehsa < nekwi'sehsa (Pi). Category: relatives.

-naémané   vai. play possum; act dead; pretend to be dead; dead pretend. Évá'ne-naémáne. He's just playing possum. Category: death.

-naéneméa'xe   vai. smell dead, dead smell. É-naéneméa'xe. He smells dead. Final -méa'xe. Category: smell, death.

-naeohtsé   vai. numb. This action takes place more gradually than -naeotse. É-naeōhtse. He is numb. See: -naeotse ‘die ; faint ; convulse’. Category: sickness.

-naeotse   vai. faint, become numb, die, convulse, have seizure(s), have epilepsy. This action takes place faster than -naeohtsé. É-naeotse. He died/he fainted. See: -naeohtsé; -naa'e. Category: sickness.

naese   p. any. See: nóháso; náháse. Phon: contraction of nóháse ??

náésėháma   p. just anyplace. Énaóotse naesėhama. ?? She sleeps anywhere. for example, how a loose woman, mátȧháá'e, sleeps around. var: nóhásėháma. Category: positions.

naesetséheséeo'ȯtse   ni. blessing medicine. part of Sun Dance equipment. Category: Sun Dance.

-naesetsé'seh   vta. purify him, make purifying motions to s.o. É-naesetsé'sėhóho. He made purifying motions to him. See: -hoov. Category: ceremonial.

-naesetsé'tov   vta. bless s.o., make a blessing sign to s.o. É-naesetsé'tovóho. He made a blessing sign to him. Category: ceremonial.

-naesetsénen   vta. purify s.o. with the ceremonial purifying hand motions over the body of the one being purified. É-naesetsénenóho. He purified him. Category: ceremonial. vai: -naesetse.

naesetsestȯtse   ni. purifying motion, blessing motion. Plural naesetséstotȯtse. Category: ceremonial, sacred.

naesetsestȯtse   ni. blessing medicine. Category: ceremonial.

naesetsévó'ėstse   ni. Gram: pl blessing plants. part of Sun Dance equipment. Category: Sun Dance.

naesohto   p. six. Etym: *nekwetwa:-tah0wi (Go88). In the history of the Algonquian numbering system the number 'six' is built on number 'one'. See: naesóhtoha; na'ėstse. Category: numbers.

-naesóhtohá   vii. six in number. requires pl. subject. É-naesóhtȯhánėstse. They (inan.) are six in number. Category: numbers.

naesóhtoha   p. six times. See: naesohto. Category: numbers.

-naesóhtȯhánėstse   vii. 6 of them (inanimate). É-naesóhtȯhánėstse. There are 6 of them (inanimate). Category: quantity.

-naesóhtȯheaénamá   vai. six years old - be. É-naesóhtȯheaénáma. He is six years old. Category: numbers.

naesóhtȯhéé'ėše   p. for six days. See: eše. Category: numbers, time.

Naesóhtȯheóeve   na. Six Stands. Category: names.

-naesóhtȯhnoeme   vii. cost six dollars. É-naesóhtȯhnoeme it/he costs š6. Category: money.

naesóhtȯhnó'e   p. sixty. Category: numbers.

naesóhtȯhnóve   six groups of. Final -óvé. See: nó'kóve. Category: numbers.

-naesóhtȯxe   vai. be six in number. requires plural subject. É-naesóhtȯxeo'o there are six (an.) Category: numbers.

-naesóhtȯxe'ohe   vii. be six o'clock. É-naesóhtȯxe'ohe it's 6 o'clock. Category: time.

naest-   i. all in one place. See: naestseto; naesohto. ma'háhkėseho é-naestoeo'o ma'háhkėséhe-mȧheóne the old people are all in the old age home. É-naesto'tseo'o They are all camped on one side. Etym: cf. *nekwetwi 'one'.

-naestá   vti. doctor s.t. É-naēsta He doctored it. é'ame-naestomóvónȯse hestse'ko He kept doctoring his leg (1987:109). vta: -naet.

-naestoe   vai. majority be there, different groups together. É-naestoeo'o. The majority of them are there. Ma'háhkėseho é-naestoeo'o ma'háhkėséhemȧheóne. The majority of the old people are in the old age home. Usage: obsolescing Phon: vs Initial -naest; Reduplicated -nonáestoe. Category: sit.

-naesto'tsé   vai. all camped on one side. not used in sg. É-naesto'tseo'o. They are all camped on one side. Final -o'tsé. See: -ová'e'ho'tsé; -mȧho'tsé. Category: camp.

-naestómané   vai. doctor. See: -naa'é. Éohkeée-naestómaneo'o. (The Indian doctors) would doctor. (1987:212). Category: sickness.

naéstoo'e   ni. Gram: poss my throat. Phon: This is a commonly used pronunciation today instead of the older naéstoo'o. See: -éstoo'e.

naéstoo'o   ni. Gram: poss my throat. See: maéstoo'o. Stem -éstoo'o; var: naéstoo'e. naéstoo'o is the older pronunciation, but naéstoo'e is increasingly common today. naéstoo'e sounds identical to náéstoo'e 'I'm sitting inside.'. See: -éstoo'e.

naestȯtse   ni. Gram: nom death. vai: -naa'e; Oblique naéstóva; Euphemism hováneehestȯtse. Category: death.

-naéstove   vii. death. É-naéstove. There is death/there is dying. vai: -naa'e.

naestseto   p. Initial naest-. all on one side; all in one place. Category: positions.

-naeškóhtá   vai. have numb leg(s). É-naeškóhta. He has dead/numb/useless legs. Category: sickness.

-naeškóhtaa'e   vai. sit with numb leg. É-naeškóhtaa'e his leg is numb while sitting/from sitting. Category: sickness. Morph: /-nae-hkóhtá-e/. Lit: numb-leg-sit Phon: vs

-naeškóhtáohtsé   vai. numb leg. See: -nonaeškóhtáotse. É-naeškóhtáóhtse. His leg is numb. Category: sickness.

-naet   vta. doctor s.o. refers to traditional doctoring as well as doctoring with modern medicine. É-naetóho. He doctored him. Naa mó'ȯhkeméhae-naetȯhevóhe hoháesto vo'ėstanóho. And he used to doctor many people. [1987:107] Category: ceremonial. vti: -naestá.

-naetanó   vai. be dying. refers to being in the dying process. See: -naa'e. É-naetāno He's dying.

Naévėháne   Death (personified). Category: death.

-naévo'emaov   vta. sentence s.o. to die. Né-naévo'emáovȧtse I sentence you to death. See: -ho'emaov; -too'ėhévo'emaov. Category: legal, death.

-naévoma'o'é   vii. dangerous area; harm's way. Lit: death-ground É-naévoma'ō'e. It's a dangerous area; it's in harm's way. See: -é'e'óma'o'é. Category: environment.

-naévomotah   vta. die for s.o. in substitute for. É-naévomotȧhóho. He died for him. tséh-naévomotȧhaétse hótȯxáse'hohéstóva when he died for us on the cross. [1987:116] Singular sub. See: -naa'e ‘die’. Category: death.

nȧháa'e   1 • na. my aunt. Etym: *nesekihsa (Pi). Phon: iah

2 • voc. Auntie (voc.)! Stem -haeh.

nȧhah-   i. wild.

nȧhahé-   pv. wild. nȧhahé-vé'késo wild bird. nȧhahé-hóva wild animal. nȧhahé-hetane wild man. ésáa'éva-nȧhahévo'ėstanéhevėheo'o (Cheyennes) are not wild (savages) (1987:226).

-nȧhahe   vai. wild. of an animal or human. É-nȧhahe. He (for example, a horse) is wild (or frisky). See: -nȧhahkahe. Category: personality.

-nȧhahétam   vta. watch out for s.o., careful toward s.o. - be. nȧhahétamóhéne Watch out for him! See: -nȧhahétsėstov. Category: interpersonal.

-nȧhahétáno   vai. cautious, leery. É-nȧhahétáno. He is cautious. [1987:277] Category: emotions.

-nȧhahétanó'tá   vti. respect s.t. nȧhahétanó'tome Respect it! (1987:235).

-nȧhahétsestá   vti. be careful toward; show respect for; avoid; keep away from; shy away from s.t. Nȧhahétsėstome! Respect it! (said to more than one person). [1987:235] vta: -nȧhahétsėstov.

-nȧhahétsėstov   vta. be careful toward s.o.; show respect for s.o.; avoid s.o.; keep away from s.o.; shy away from s.o. Several words have to do with avoiding someone: with this entry one avoids and hence shows respect and probably a fear of the object; with -e'hahtov one similarly shows respect by avoidance, but it is not so much an avoidance of fear but of cultural respect; with -nėsétam one avoids another because there is animosity; with -šénétamone avoids another because he (the object) is considered unfit; with -nȧhestov one avoids another because of a cultural prohibition (taboo) ??; with -vó'hova'ov onesimply avoids or keeps distant from another with no reason implied (??). É-nȧhahétsėstovóho. He keeps away from/he avoids him. Mó'ȯhkeévėhoháe-nȧhahétsėstóhehevóhe tsééenėheto'eétȧhese vo'ėstaneo'o. They were very leery of people who did this thing. Nȧhahétsėstoveha! Be leery of him! [1987:258] vti: -nȧhahétsestá. See: -nȧhesta; -nȧhahétam; -vó'hova'ov; -e'hahtov. Category: interpersonal, taboo.

nȧhahévé'késo   na. wild bird. Category: birds.

nȧhahévo'ha   na. wild horse. Plural nȧhahévo'hāme. Category: horses.

nȧhahk-   i. energetic.

-nȧhahkahe   vai. energetic. can be said of a person or animal, for example, a horse. É-nȧhahkahe. He is energetic. [1987:29] Reduplicated -nonáhahkahe; Antonym -hóvanahe. See: -nȧhahkomóhtahe; -hene'etanó. Category: personality.

-nȧhahkȧhtomóné   vai. have sharp hearing; have acute hearing. É-nȧhahkȧhtomóne. He has sharp hearing. Final -ahtomóné. See: -áahtomóné. Category: hear.

-nȧhahkeohtsé   vai. walk briskly, energetically walk. É-nȧhahkeōhtse. He's walking energetically. Category: walk.

-nȧhahko'enohe   vai. be reenergized from eating. Nȧhta-nȧhahko'enohe. I'll be reenergized from eating. Final -o'enohe.

-nȧhahko'enȯhéotse   vai. become reenergized from eating. É-nȧhahko'enȯhéotse. He's reenergized from eating. Náéva-nȧhahko'enȯhéotse. I was reenergized from eating. Final -o'enohe.

-nȧhahkomóhtahe   vai. feel energetic. See: -nȧhahkahe. É-nȧhahkomóhtahe He is energetic/he feels energetic.

-nȧhahkóo'ó   vai. sharp eyesight. É-nȧhahkóó'o. He has sharp eyesight. fai: -óo'ó. Category: sight.

nȧhahpo   p. all, absolutely everywhere, absolutely everything. strong epistemic particle. Mónáoseeháeanȧhéhe nȧhahpo náheše'hāna. I must have been hungry; I ate everything up that way. Antonym pónóhta. See: nėšemȧheto; netao'o; mȧhe-; mae-; nȧháhpo. Category: eat, quantity.

nȧha'-   i. catch.

-nȧha'ȧhtá   vti. catch by hearing s.t. É-nȧhá'áhta. ?? He overheard it. [pd787] vta: -nȧha'ȧhtov. See: -nȧha'en; -áahtov. Category: hear.

-nȧha'ȧhtomóne   vai. overhear. Lit: catch-hear É-nȧha'ȧhtomóne. He overheard / he caught what was said. Final -ahtomóné; vta: -nȧha'ȧhtov. Category: hear.

-nȧha'ȧhtomóné'tov   vta. overhear about s.o. Né-nȧha'ȧhtomóne'tovȧtse I overheard (something) about you. Ná-nȧha'ȧhtomónenȯtse I overheard (something) about him.

-nȧha'ȧhtov   vta. catch by hearing s.o. É-nȧha'ȧhtovóho. He caught what he said. Nésáapėhéve-nȧha'ȧhtóvatséhe. I didn't catch well what you said. See: -nȧha'en; -áahtov. Category: hear.

-nȧha'āxa   vti. cut s.t. by making contact with it. Éó'ȯse-nȧha'āxa. He burst it (for example, a blood vessel or power line) by mistake.

-nȧha'éená   vai. be caught by snow. É-nȧha'ééna. He was caught by the snow. Medial -éená. See: -nȧha'óová. Category: weather.

-nȧha'ėho'he   vai. be caught by light. for example, caught by the beam of a flashlight. É-nȧha'ėho'he He got caught by light. Category: light.

-nȧha'ėho'h(n)   vta. catch s.o. by light. for example, shine a spotlight around and catch someone in its beam. Ná-nȧha'ėhō'hno. I caught him with a spotlight. É-nȧha'ėho'hēē'e. He (obv) caught him by light.

-nȧha'e'á   vti. touch s.t. É'ȯhketó'hóhnee-nȧha'ē'a ho'emanestȯtse. You come against the law. (1987:60). See: -mȧxa'ov.

-nȧha'ē'ha   vai. catch something flying. É-nȧha'ē'ha. He caught something while flying. for example, to hit a wire while flying. Category: fly.

-nȧha'e'ósenétó   vii. touch, catch. netao'o énėheše-nȧha'e'ósenéto in everything it touches (affects) you (1987:61).

-nȧha'e'ov   vta. catch s.o., collide with s.o., strike s.o. with the body. for example, to catch s.o. at his home or in a mistake. Ná-nȧha'e'ova. He caught me. É-nȧha'e'ovóho. He caught him. É-nȧha'e'ōō'e. He (obv) hit him. Nátȧsáaho'-nȧha'e'ovóhe. I missed him (for example, maybe he wasn't home). Héva nȧhtsevése-nȧha'e'oo'e tsépėhéva'e. Maybe something good will come to me. [1987:211] Ná-nȧha'e'oo'e ma'heónevé'ho'e heéestsestȯtse. I was inspired ("struck") by the preacher's word(s). Nėstsevé'-nȧha'e'ova vóóhe! Don't let the morning star catch you! (STORIES.TXT). É-nȧha'e'oo'e. It touched him. See: -nȧha'en.

Náha'ē'ta   na. Stands In Front. this name refers to the honored tepee in a camp. Category: camp, sit inan.

-náha'e'tá   vii. stand, set in front (that is, the foreground), be in honored position. can refer to an honored tepee or a hill close to the speaker. É-náha'ē'ta. (The tepee) is standing in front in the honored position in the camp. See: -ho'a'e'tá. Category: sit inan, tepee.

-nȧha'em   vta. hit the nail on the head about s.o. É-nȧha'emóho. He hit the nail on the head about him. Lit: catch-speak.about Category: speak.

-nȧha'emas   vta. hit s.o. by shooting. Lit: catch-by.shooting É-nȧha'emȧsóho. He hit him by shooting. Nótȧxévé'hó'e éssáa-nȧha'emȧxeehésesto. The soldiers didn't hit him (with their bullets). [1987:48] fta: -emas; Antonym -o'ha'emas. See: -am; -mas. Category: shoot.

-nȧha'emȧxestá   vti. hit s.t. by shooting. É-nȧha'emȧxēsta. He hit it (by shooting). Éxaetae-nȧha'emȧxēsta. He hit it right on (for example, right on the bullseye). See: -nȧha'enohtá. Category: shoot.

-nȧha'emestá   vti. hit s.t. by shooting. Étae-nȧha'emēsta. He hit it right on (for example, for hitting the bullseye). See: -nȧha'enóhtá. Category: shoot.

-nȧha'en   vti. catch s.t. There is a wide range of things which may be caught, both concrete, such as sticks, balls, horses, and abstract, such as a ride or a word. Catching abstract things may be a loan translation from English 'catch.'. É-nȧha'ēna. He caught it. Énéhe-nȧha'ēna. (loan transl. from English) He caught on quickly. tsėhéóhe násáaxaetónėše-nȧha'enóhe hotse'óhestȯtse I just can't seem to find (lit., catch) any job here. [BERTHA.TXT]

vta. catch s.o. É-nȧha'enóho. He caught him. Móstȧho'eohtsé'tovȯhevóhe hestotseho tséhnéetsėse na'ėstse móh-nȧha'enȯhevóhe/ He came to his horses where they were standing. He caught one (of them). [1987:170] Nȧha'eneha! Catch him (for example, the ball, animate)! Náéšėto'se-nȧha'enaa'e. It has almost come to me (idiom for being about to pop with the urge to defecate or urinate). See: -no'en. Category: interpersonal, body function.

-nȧha'enené   vai. catch, as a catcher does in a baseball game. É-nȧha'enēne. He's catching. Category: games.

nȧha'enenestȯtse   ni. Gram: nom tape recorder. Lit: catching-thing Plural nȧha'enenéstotȯtse.

-nȧha'enóhtá   vti. 1 • sew s.t. exactly right.

2 • hit bull's eye. Étae-nȧha'enóhta. He hit it on the bull's eye. See: -nȧha'emestá. fai: -nó'é.

-nȧha'eše   vai. fall and brush against something. É-nȧha'ēše. He fell and brushed some part of his body against something. See: -mȧxa'éše. Category: lie.

-nȧha'évaa'e   vai. sit with wife. É-nȧha'évaa'e. He's sitting with his wife. Medial -'évá. Category: sit. Phon: vs

-nȧha'éváohtsé   vai. walk with wife. É-nȧha'éváóhtse. He's walking with his wife. Medial -'évá ‘wife’. See: -nȧha'néohtsé ‘walk with husband’. Category: walk.

-nȧha'éváóó'e   vai. stand with wife. commonly said of horses that stand shoulder to shoulder. É-nȧha'éváóó'e. He's standing with his wife. fai: -óé; Medial -'évá. Phon: vs See: Mō'ȯhnȧha'éváóó'ėstse. Category: marriage.

-nȧha'éváxe   vai. lie with wife. literal lying, not a euphemism, as in English, for sexual relations. É-nȧha'éváxe. He's sleeping/lying with his wife. Éstosáaneto'setaa'eve-nȧha'évȧxenasėstse. He was that night going to sleep with his bride. [Croft 1988:19:19] Antonym -nȧha'néše ‘lie with husband’. Category: lie.

-nȧha'nee'e   vai. sit with husband. See: -éhamá. É-nȧha'nee'e. She's sitting with her husband. See: -nȧha'évaa'e ‘sit with wife’. Category: sit. Phon: vs

-nȧha'néohtsé   vai. walk with husband. É-nȧha'néóhtse. She's walking with her husband. See: -nȧha'évaohtsé ‘walk with wife’. Category: walk.

-nȧha'néóó'e   vai. stand with husband. É-nȧha'néóó'e. She's standing with her husband. Category: stand, marriage.

-nȧha'néše   vai. lie with husband, fornicate. É-nȧha'néše. She's lying with her husband. Antonym -nȧha'évaxe ‘lie with wife’. See: -véám; -nȧha'eše; -he-stse'émé'tov. Category: lie, marriage.

-nȧha'óhtá   vii. bite s.t. É-nȧha'óhta. He bit it. See: -ahanóhtá.

-nȧha'om   vta. catch s.o. in the mouth. for example, how a dog can catch a ball. É-nȧha'omóho. He caught him with his mouth. Category: mouth.

-nȧha'ónohtsé   vti. rope s.t., trap s.t. É-nȧha'ónóhtse. He roped it. Medial -ón; vta: -nȧha'ónot. See: -nȧha'en. Category: hunt.

-nȧha'ónȯsané   vai. rope, lasso. É-nȧha'ónȯsáne. He's roping. vta: -nȧha'ónot. Category: livestock.

nȧha'ónȯsanévo'ha   na. roping horse. var: nȧha'ónȯsenévo'ha; Medial -ón. Category: horses.

nȧha'ónȯsenévo'ha   na. roping horse. var: nȧha'ónȯsanévo'ha; Medial -ón. Category: horses.

nȧha'ónȯséó'o   ni. noose. of lasso. Medial -ón. Category: ropelike.

-nȧha'ónot   vta. rope s.o., trap s.o. É-nȧha'ónotóho. He roped him. Nȧha'ónȯxeha mó'kėsá'e! Rope the calf! See: -no'ónot; nonónóó'e. Category: hunt.

-nȧha'óo'ó   vai. catch sight of. É-nȧha'óó'o. He caught sight of. Usage: appears to be a natural term, not a loan transl. Category: sight.

-nȧha'óom   vta. catch sight of s.o. É-nȧha'óomóho. He caught sight of him. Category: sight.

-nȧha'óová   vai. caught by rain (or water). É-nȧha'óóva. He was caught by rain (or water). Final -óová. See: -nȧha'éená ‘caught by snow’. Category: weather.

-nȧha'ósané   vai. bite in the right spot. É-nȧha'ósáne. He bit in the right spot. See: -ahanósané. Category: mouth.

-nȧha'ose   vai. frostbitten. É-nȧha'ose. He's frostbitten. Category: sickness.

nȧháóhe   p. there (distal; old in discourse). See: hánȧháóhe; tȧháóhe; tsėhéóhe; nėhéóhe. Category: positions.

náháse   p. whatever, any. var: nóháso, náhóse, naese. See: náhásėháma.

náhásėháma   p. whatever, any. var: nóhásėháma.

nȧháxe-   pv. quite a while, not soon, not recently. Násáa-nȧháxevóomóhe. I had not seen him recently. See: nonȧháxe-; tšėhe'še. Category: time.

náhe   p. Here! said when giving something to someone. See: nóáhe.

náhe   pro. Gram: dem-an-distal that (animate distal discourse deictic; referent assumed known to speaker and hearer). alt: nóáhe₂. Náhe hetane that man (that you and I know about). naa tséstaéše=nȧháó=hóseéxáno hóo'ȯhtsestȯtse -éxanomótáóse náhe tséméhotaese and that he has prepared a place there for those who love him (1987:165). See: néhe; háne; náa'hanéhe; héva nahe.

nȧhéno   p. there (distal; old in discourse). See: nȧháóhe; hánȧhéno. nȧhéno Jesus tsé'éšeáahtse'hósenéstȧhámȯhtáeóétse over there (where?) Jesus has already prepared a place for us.

-náheohtsé   vai. take the honored lead ?? É-náheōhtse. He had the honor of taking the lead. Usage: obsolescent See: -vé'otsé. Category: walk.

-náheóó'e   vai. stand in front. an honored position. É-náheóó'e He's standing up front. Phon: vs fai: -óé. See: Náha'ē'ta. Category: stand.

nȧhest-   i. avoid, forbid.

-nȧhestá   vti. avoid s.t., abstain from s.t. É-nȧhésta. He abstained from it. He'pa'onevōtse éohke-nȧhestánovȯtse. "Don't touch their (medicine people's) backs!" See: -nėhestá. vta: -nȧhestov. Category: ceremonial.

-nȧhestohe   vai. forbidden, taboo, avoided, abstained from. É-nȧhestohe. It is forbidden / He is avoided. vta: -nȧhestov. See: -nȧhestóné ‘menstruate’. Category: sacred, taboo.

nȧhéstó'e   p. beyond, further. that is, further on in front of, not foreground front, as in maato. can be used as a functional command for someone to go further. Naa nȧhéstó'e xāō'o móhne'amenéhe'ȯhéhe hápó'e héne meo'o. And further on a skunk was following that same road. [Croft 1988:15:4-5] Antonym hó'hóma. See: maato; tšėhéštó'e. Category: positions, distance.

-nȧhestóné   vai. menstruate; have period, period - have, be in moon cycle. Menstruating women had to follow certain traditional customs such as staying away from the main group of the family, not serving food to a medicine man, etc. É-nȧhestóne. She is menstruating. Ééne-nȧhestóne. She's in menopause (lit. she-stop-menstruating). Ésáa'éše-nȧhestónėheo'o. They are not menstruating yet. See: -nȧhestohe; -nȧhestá; -nȧhestov; -hóehót. Category: body function, taboo.

-nȧhestónevo'eétahe   vai. do something forbidden. É-nȧhestónevo'eétahe. He did something forbidden (or taboo). Category: do, taboo.

-nȧhestov   vta. avoid s.o. due to a taboo. for example, forbid s.o. from attending a meeting or from doing something taboo; or, avoid s.o. out of respect, such as in certain kinship relationships. É-nȧhestovóho. He avoids him due to a taboo. Nȧhestovoo'o! Stay away from him (delayed impv)! vti: -nȧhestá. See: -nȧhestóné; -e'hahtov; -hoéstomev; -hóeh; -ováhae'ov. Category: interpersonal, taboo.

-nȧhestsé'évá   vai. prohibit wife, forbid wife. É-nȧhestsé'éva. He prohibits his wife (for example, won't let her go anywhere). Medial -'évá; vta: -nȧhestsé'evot. Category: marriage.

-nȧhestsé'evot   vta. prohibit s.o. (wife) from doing something; protect s.o. (one's spouse). usually toward a wife, but can be of a wife toward her husband; can include the idea of not allowing one's wife to do things out of jealousy. É-nȧhestsé'evotóho. He prohibited her (his wife) from doing things. Category: marriage.

-nȧhešem   vta. expect certain behavior of s.o. ?? includes idea that the expectation is fulfilled; usually means expecting that the person will do something bad. É-nȧhešemóho. He expected him to turn out (some way) and he did (usually something negative). ?? É-nȧhešeme. He turned out exactly as expected (a kind of fatalistic thinking). Usage: obsolescing Category: interpersonal, cognition.

nahgo   na. bear. Usage: This is a commonly used simplified spelling for nahkohe. It is easier to read, but it obscures the relationship between the singular (náhkohe) and plural (náhkȯheo'o) of 'bear.' It is recommended that the more accurate spelling of nahkohe be used in Cheyenne language programs and printed materials. Precise Spelling náhkohe. Category: animals.

Náhkoestse   na. (man's name) ?? Category: names.

Náhkȯhá'e   na. Bear Woman. Category: names. Simplified Spelling Nahka (seen on a license plate).

náhkohe   na. 1 • bear. Plural náhkȯheo'o ‘bears’; Simplified Spelling nahgo ‘bear’; nahkoyo ‘bears’; Obviative náhkȯhóho; Diminutive náhkȯhéso. See: náhko'e ‘Mother!’; vóhpȧhtsenáhkohe ‘grizzly bear’. Category: animals.

2 • Bear. Category: names.

Náhkȯheamēhne   na. Walking Bear. Category: names.

Náhkȯhééstóso   na. Bearquiver. Category: names.

Náhkȯhéestse'henáhe   na. Bear Shirt. name by which Cheyennes called General Nelson Miles, for whom Miles City, Montana, is named. Category: names.

Náhkȯhehēsta   na. Bear Heart. Category: names.

Náhkȯhehetane   na. Russian. Lit: bear-person so named because of bear robes they have often been pictured wearing. Plural Náhkȯhehetaneo'o. Category: nationalities.

Náhkȯheho'ēsta   na. Fire Bear. Category: names, fire.

Náhkȯheho'ose   na. Bear Coal. call Kope in English, from mispronunciation of Coal Bear. Category: names.

Náhkȯhehóoma   na. Bear Robe. Category: names.

Náhkȯhehóváhne   na. Bear Animal. translation uncertain. Category: names.

-náhkȯhe'šeme   vai. bear growl. a Cheyenne way of building up courage for battle. É-náhkȯhe'šeme. He growled like a bear. See: -na'e (??); -ná'ot. Category: warfare, sounds.

Náhkȯhemȧhta'sóoma   n. Spirit Bear. Category: names, record.

Náhkȯhemȧhtamȧhááhe   na. Old She Bear. a man's name. Lit: bear-old. Woman See: mȧhtamȧhááhe. Category: names.

Náhkȯhema'háahe   na. Bearchum. See: náhkȯxháahketa; Méstaema'haahe. var: Náhkȯhéma'hahe. Category: names.

Náhkȯhéma'hahe   na. Bearchum. See: Náhkȯxháahketa; Méstaema'haahe. Category: names. var: Náhkȯhéma'háahe.

Náhkȯhema'ta   na. Bearbow. apparently ma'ta is an obsolescent term for 'bow'. See: ma'tšėške. Category: names.

náhkȯhematȯtse   ni. Gram: pl prunes. See: matse. Category: food.

Náhkȯheméeotse   na. Bear Smell. Category: names.

Náhkȯhemé'hahtse   na. Bear Beard. Category: names.

Náhkȯhéméó'e   na. Fightingbear. Usage: probably Náhkȯhéméó'ėstse is preferred ?? Phon: HL Category: names.

Náhkȯhéméó'ėstse   na. Fightingbear. Category: names.

Náhkȯhemēō'o   na. Bear Trail, Bear Road. Category: names.

Náhkȯheméóná'e   na. Bear Road Woman. See: Méóná'e. Category: names.

náhkȯhémóxėšéne   ni. mountain mint. Lit: bear mint

Náhkȯhenaa'é'e   na. Bear Doctor Woman. See: Kȯhenaa'é'e?. Category: names.

Náhkȯhena'hané'e   na. Bear Kills Woman. Category: names.

Náhkȯhenėxāhe   na. Bear Orphan. See: -nėxȧheve. Category: names.

Náhkȯhenóhnéhe   na. Lame Bear. See: -nóhne'kahe ‘lame’. Category: names.

-náhkȯhénome   vai. sleep like a bear; sleep hard. Usage: apparently not a loan transl. É-náhkȯhénome. He slept like a bear (=slept hard). fai: -énóme. See: -naóotse. Category: sleep.

Náhkȯhenoné'e   na. Bear Sings Woman. Contract: Kȯhenoné'e. Category: names.

Náhkȯheo'émȯxo'eha   na. Bear Sole. Category: names.

Náhkȯheo'o Ȯhnévese   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Four Bears. Category: names.

Náhkȯheósá'e   na. Bear Claws Woman. Masculine Náhkȯheóse. Category: names.

Náhkȯheóse   na. Bear Claws. Feminine Náhkȯheósá'e. See: Kȯheoso. Category: names.

Náhkȯheósévóse   ni. Bear Paw Mountains. located between the Missouri and Milk Rivers. Category: places.

Náhkȯheósóáme   na. Groaning Bear. var: Náhkȯheósóváme. See: -évoamé. Category: names.

Náhkȯhepánestse   na. Bear Breaking Wind, Bear Fart. Category: names.

náhkȯhéso   na. Gram: dim 1 • bear cub; little bear. Plural náhkȯhesono; Obviative náhkȯhesono.

2 • Youngbear. Simplified Spelling Nahkoso (seen on a license plate). See: Náhkȯxháahketa. Category: names.

3 • little ball of snow, fine snow, snow - fine. smaller than a snowflake. Category: weather.

Náhkȯhevee'e   ni. Bear Tepee, Devil's Tower, Wyoming. Lit: bear-tepee Category: places.

-náhkȯhévéné   vai. bear face. É-náhkȯhévéne. Category: face.

-náhkȯhéveotse   vai. 1 • become a bear. É-náhkȯhéveotse. He turned into a bear. naa tséxhé-nȧhkȯhéveotsėse and when he (Ice) took the form of a bear (1987:107). Category: animals.

2 • become angry; flare up. Ééšėto'se-náhkȯhéveotse. He's about to flare up with anger. Usage: fig. Category: emotions.

Náhkȯhevóesta   na. Bear ? (man's name). Category: names.

Náhkȯhévóse   ni. Bear Butte. a butte near Fort Meade, South Dakota. This is a different butte from Nóvávóse. See: Nóávóse. Category: places.

Náhkȯhevotonevėstse   na. Bear Tail Feathers. Category: names.

Náhkȯhma'hēō'o   na. Medicine Bear. Category: names. a woman's name.

Náhkȯhma'heóná'e   na. Bear Medicine Woman. Category: names.

Náhkȯhma'heóná'e   na. Bear Medicine Woman. Category: names.

-náhkȯhnȧho'he   vai. gang-raped; sexually abused. This was a practice occasionally carried out when a man wanted to punish a woman, typically his wife; he would take her "out on the prairie" where she would be gang-raped, typically by members of the man's soldier society; the men felt little pride later over the action (see discussion in Hoebel and Llewelyn??, The Cheyenne Way ??) É-náhkȯhnȧho'he. She was gang-raped/"taken turns with" by several men. See: -ná'so'eeh; -péeet. Category: sex, vulgar, violence.

-náhkȯhnȧho'h(n)   vta. gang-rape s.o. can be said of a man (sometimes a society man) who puts a woman "out on the prairie" for other men to gang rape her; he doesn't take part in the rape. É-náhkȯhnȧho'nóho. He (had) her gang-raped. É-náhkȯhnȧho'novo. They (those doing the raping) gang-raped her. [1987:31] Obviative Náhkȯhno'kȧhétsese. See: -ná'so'eéh. Category: vulgar.

Náhkȯhno'kaestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl One Bear; Lone Bear. Category: names.

Náhkȯhnoo'ėstse   na. Beartusk. Category: names.

Náhkȯhnóvéhnėstse   na. Bear Slow Walking. Category: names.

Náhkȯhtameōhtsėstse   na. Walking Bear. See: Náhkȯheamēhne. Category: names. Ques: alec blackhorse > antonio joe Sanchez

náhkȯhtava'émenȯtse   ni. Gram: pl persimmons, dates. particularly wild persimmons in Oklahoma. Category: berries.

Náhkȯhtava'émeo'hé'e ??   ni. Persimmon Creek. enters the North Fork Canadian River from the south, near Fort Reno, Okla. Category: rivers.

Náhkȯhtséva'eotsėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Bear Turns Back. Category: names.

Náhkȯhtsévo'soo'ėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Playing Bear. Category: names.

Náhkȯhvó'omaestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl White Bear. See: Vóhpenáhkohe. Category: names.

náhko'e   voc. Mother! Náhko'asėstse! Mothers (voc.)! Antonym ného'e. See: ná-hko'éehe; náhkohe. Category: relatives.

náhko'éehe   na. Gram: poss my mother. Obviative náhko'éehevaho. See: /-hke/; heške; neško. Category: relatives.

Náhkȯsóéhnėstse   na. Bear Through Wooods. Category: names.

Náhkotanōhtse ??   na. Bear Tail Feathers ?? Category: names.

Náhkȯxháaestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Brave Bear. See: náhkohe ‘bear’; -háahe ‘smart’. Category: names.

Náhkȯxháahketa   na. Little Bear. origin of Bearchum family name; translated incorrectly to English; should have been translated as Little Bear. See: Náhkȯhéma'hahe; Náhkȯhéso. Category: names.

Náhkȯxháa'ého'oésėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl High Bear. See: He'ámánáhkohe. Category: names.

Náhkȯxheóvaestse   na. Yellow Bear. Category: names. Ques: Oliver yelloweyes (Ashland)

Náhkȯxhóeheóó'ėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Bear Stands On Top. Category: names.

Náhkȯxhóé'éhne   na. Bear Comes Out. var: Náoxhóé'éhne. Category: names.

Náhkȯxhóé'éhnėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Bear Comes Out. var: Náoxhóé'éhnėstse. Category: names.

Náhkȯxho'óxeóó'ėstse   n. Bear Stands Last, Last Bear Standing. Category: names.

Náhkȯxhovéo'eóó'ėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Bear Stands In the Shade. See: hovéo'ȯheo'o. Category: names.

-naho   sfx. imperative suffix for action on plural third person. Vovóeše-naho! Comfort them! Usage: Not as widely used as -nano. var: -nano.

-nȧho'ȯhtsév   vta. 1 • visit s.o. É-nȧho'ȯhtsevo. He visited him. var: é-nȧho'ȯhtsévóho (used by younger speakers). Ného'-nȧho'ȯhtsevȧtse. Hó'ótóva néh-nȧho'ȯhtséveo'o! Come visit me sometime! See: -ho'ėhót; -ho'ohtsé. Category: interpersonal.

2 • die. Usage: fig., euphemism Ééva-nȧho'ȯhtsévóho hevóohestoto. He has gone back to visit his relatives (that is, when he has died). Ma'tanaéto namȧhta'sóoma étao'se-nȧh'ȯhtsevo Ma'hēō'o. When I die my spirit is going to visit (stay with?) God. Category: death.

náhóse   p. whatever, any, anything. often occurs with the following attached form =hamá. Náhósė-háma ȯššeée'óxȯheestse. He would say just any old thing. (often used in teasing). var: náháse, náhóso, nóháse, naesėhame.

náhósėháma   p. whatever, any, anything. Náhósėháma ȯššeée'óxȯheestse. He would say just any old thing. (often used in teasing). Náhósėháma mótónėšéneehéhe! His face must have been any old way! (a very funny saying). var: náhásėháma, nóhásėháma, nóhásȯháma.

nȧhta'sóoma   ni. Gram: poss my shadow, my soul. var: namȧhta'sóoma. See: mȧhta'sóoma.

náhtáme   ni. Gram: poss my food. See: máhtáme. Category: food.

nȧhtatamoo'o   ni. Gram: poss my shoulder. Plural nȧhtatamóonȯtse. younger speakers' pronunciation for plural Category: body.

nȧhtataneme   na. Gram: poss my brother (of a woman). Category: relatives.

nȧhtó'kȯhtóhe   ni. Gram: poss my cane. See: hó'kȯhtóhe ‘cane’.

nȧhtona   na. Gram: poss my daughter. var: nahtona. See: hestónaho. var: nȧstona; Stem -htónah; Plural nȧhtónaho. Category: relatives.

nȧhtoo'o   ni. Gram: poss my chin. See: mȧhtoo'o. Category: body.

nȧhtōtse   na. Gram: poss my pet. Plural nȧhtotseho; Stem -htotséh. Category: animals.

Náhtovona   na. Eastern Sioux, Northern Sioux. Ques: perhaps = Assiniboine ?? some may use the term for Northern Sioux. Category: tribes. Plural Náhtovonaho; Obviative Náhtovonaho.

nȧhtovóo'ȯtse   ni. Gram: poss my ear. Plural nȧhtovootȯtse. See: -htovóo'ȯtse.

náhtse   voc. daughter. See: -htona. Category: relatives.

nahtse   ni. Gram: poss my mouth. See: ma-htse. Category: body.

nȧhtsēhȯtse   ni. Gram: poss my possession, my thing. Stem -htsēhȯtse.

nȧhtse'eme   na. Gram: poss my wife. Lit: my-woman Usage: obsolescing See: hestse'emo ‘his wife’.

nȧhtse'ko   ni. Gram: poss my leg. Plural nȧhtse'konȯtse. See: mȧhtse'ko. Category: body.

nȧhtsé'oo'o   ni. Gram: poss my elbow. var: nahtsé'oo'e; Plural nȧhtsé'oonȯtse; IndepNoun -htsé'oo'o.

na. my elbow. animate for some speakers. Plural nȧhtsé'oono. Category: body.

nȧhtse'ȯtse   ni. Gram: poss my neck. Category: body. See: -htse'ȯtse.

nȧhtsénéva   ni. Gram: loc in my mouth.

nȧhtsesto   ni. Gram: poss my heel. Oblique nȧhtséstóne; Stem -htsesto. Category: body.

nȧhtséstóne   ni. Gram: poss Gram: obl on my heel. Category: body.

na'ahtse   ni. Gram: poss my forearm, my arm. includes the hand up to the elbow. Plural na'ȧhtsenȯtse. See: ma'ahtse.

Ná'atsėhe'e   na. (man's name) ?? Category: names.

-na'énohe   vai. empowered, able. Nėstavóo'sehȧtse tséhe'xóvȧhéto tséheše-na'énȯhéto I'll show you what I can do. (SHOWUS.TXT). See: -nėhetȯhóot.

na'ėstse   p. one. By itself the word can mean something like 'there is a ', i.e. an existential without an overt copula. na'ėstse hē'e one woman. Na'ėstse étao'omeotse. There is a shortcut (for example, the Decker Road to Sheridan). Néhe Vé'eénėhé'e naa na'ėstse, neše móhne'éseotsėhehevóhe. That Sweet Woman and another (lady), (these) two were brought in. (1987:57). Morph: /na'eht/. Etym: cf. *nekwetwi 'one'. Reduplicated nonóna'ėstse ‘one by one’. See: no'ka; naest-; naesohto. Category: numbers.

na'ėstse ma'kaata   ni. silver dollar, dollar - silver. Lit: one metal Category: money.

-na'évá   mbp. arm. Éé'e-na'éváxe. He broke his arm. Éónėše-na'éváóhtse. He has pain in the arms. Éhese-na'évaotse. He has cramps in his arms. Ma'e-na'éváhe Red Arm. Étsėhe'ėse-na'éva. He has long arms. He'amena'évá'ȯhtse! Raise your hand (literally, arm)! See: -'ahtse ‘hand/arm’. Category: body.

na'evo   ni. Gram: poss my nose. See: -'evo; ma'evo. Category: body.

na'exa   ni. Gram: poss my eye. Plural na'éxánėstse; Oblique na'éxáéne, na'éxáéno ‘on my eye(s)’.

na'h-   i. three. See: na'n-. var: na'he-. Category: numbers.

-na'h   vta. 1 • kill s.o. See: -na'tóné; -ne'to'éna'h. É-na'hóho. He killed him. É(taome)-na'hahtse. He killed himself.

2 • make s.o. sick from eating too much. Ná-na'haa'e. It killed me. Ná-na'haenȯtse menȯtse. The berries killed me. É-na'hahtse. He killed himself/fig. = he was sick (for example, from eating too many berries). Na'xeha! Kill him! Category: eat. Etym: *ne'ši. Phon: stem-final /h/ has [x] allophone preceding /e/ vai: -na'hané.

-na'ha   vii. be three in number. not used with sg. subject. É-na'hānėstse. There are three of them (inan.).

na'ha   p. three times, thrice. See: na'he. Etym: *ne'0enwi (Go88). Category: numbers.

na'ha éšeēva   obl. Wednesday. Category: time. Lit: third day

na'ha ma'éšeeve   vii. Gram: cj when it is Wednesday; on Wednesday. Category: time.

na'ha tsé-éškȯsa'éhešėxováto   vii. Gram: cj triangle. Category: shapes.

na'ha tsééškȯsa'éhešėxováto   vii. Gram: cj triangle. Category: shapes. Lit: three that.which.is-sharp.(cornered?)-shaped ??

na'ha tsé'éšeeve   vii. Gram: cj when it was Wednesday. Category: time.

-na'hahtsétanó   vai. suicide - desire, want to commit suicide. É-na'hahtsétanó. ?? He wants to commit suicide.

-na'ha'ónétó   vii. be the third one. Ques: Is there is question word which can elicit this and other such number words? É-na'ha'ónéto. It is the third one. tsé-na'ha'ónéto the third one.

na'hame   na. Gram: poss my cross-niece. that is, daughter of my sister if I am a male, or daughter of my brother if I am a female. Category: relatives. Stem -'hamehe. See: he'hameho.

-na'hané   count coup; kill. often translated as English 'kill', but actually is said to be more accurately translated as 'count coup'; may have originally entailed literal killing, but typically counting coup involves only a symbolic killing, a touching of the body of the enemy, then quick departure, with prowess gained from the act of counting coup. See: -na'hanéoohe; -nó'tomȧhesené. É-na'hāne He counted coup. Méona'hāne Kills In the Morning. Vé'otséna'hanē'e Warpath Kills Woman. Taa'évena'hanē'e Kills Night Woman. Category: warfare. vta: -na'h; Final -ané. Ques: get other coup terms and explanation, such as first coup, second, etc.; tell of coup deeds?

Na'hané'e   na. Kills Woman. Category: names.

-na'hanené   vai. have three of a kind (in cards). Ná-na'hanēne I have 3 of a kind. Category: cards.

-na'hanéoohe   vai. count coup, kill quickly. É-na'hanéoohe. He counted coup. There was often some kind of ceremony associated with this where a man's name would be changed. See: -na'hané; -o'eoestas. Category: warfare.

-na'hánėstse   vii. 3 of them (inanimate). É-na'hánėstse. Category: quantity.

Na'hanévého   na. Chief Kills. Category: names.

na'he   p. three. See: na'ha ‘thrice’. Etym: *ne'θwi. Category: numbers.

na'he-   pv. three. É-na'henémeneo'o. Three of them are singing. É-na'hene'ėháheo'o. They three (for example, the Trinity) are the same. Category: numbers.

-na'he   vai. 3; be three in number. not used with sg. subjects. É-na'heo'o hetaneo'o. There are three men (for example, there). Ma'hēō'o, móné-na'hehemehe? God, are there three of you? (a question asked once by an old Cheyenne man who thought the Trinity consisted of the following three: Jesus, God, and Amen!) Category: numbers, quantity.

na'heāā'e   ni. for three years. IndepNoun áa'e. Category: time.

-na'heaénamá   vai. be three years old. É-na'heaénáma He is three years old. Category: numbers.

na'hēē'ėše   p. for three days. Category: numbers, time.

-na'heeséoxa'ohe   vii. three rows of beads on the nose (of a moccasin). É-na'heeséoxa'ȯhénėstse. They have three beaded rows on the "noses". Medial -esé. Category: designs.

na'heeséve'one   ni. Medial -esé. hayfork. See: he'one. Category: tools. Lit: three-nosed-awl

-na'heéše'hamá   vai. be three months old. É-na'heéše'hāma He is three months old/she is three months pregnant. Category: numbers.

-na'hehasené   vai. Final -hasené. three seeds up in seed-in-basket game. Ná-na'hehasēne I got three seeds up. Category: games.

-na'hé'évá   vai. Medial -'évá. have three wives. É-na'he'éva He has three wives. Category: marriage.

-na'heóhtá   vai. three legs - have. can refer to a penis. É-na'heóhta. He has three legs. Category: vulgar, sex.

-na'heóhtáóó'e   vai. stand on three legs; tripod - be a. can refer to a tepee tripod. É'éšenéhove-na'heóhtáóó'e. after the tripod (for the tepee) was standing. [1987:179] Phon: vs fai: -óé₂. See: -néveóhtáóé. Category: stand, tepee.

Na'heoséhe   na. Three Fingers. Category: names.

na'n-   i. three. See: na'h-. Preverb na'he-. Phon: The /h/ of the preverb na'he- 'three' changes to /n/ preceding morphemes beginning with /o/.

na'neha   na. my older brother. Stem -'néh. Category: relatives.

-na'nóehné   vai. bear three children. See: na'he-. É-na'nóéhne he/she bore three children. Category: numbers.

-na'noeme   vai. cost three dollars. É-na'noeme it/he costs š3. Category: money.

-na'noésená   vai. hang as three (for example, stars). naa hovehno tšėševo'héé'ėse éohke-na'noéséne hotóhkeo'o and some distance away there's three (more) stars hanging (1987:207).

na'nohto   p. eight of. See: na'nóhtoha ‘8 times’. Etym: cf. *ne'0wa:tah0wi ??. Category: numbers.

na'nóhtoha   p. eight times. See: na'nohto. Category: numbers.

-na'nóhtohá   vii. eight in number. not used with sg. subject. É-na'nóhtȯhánėstse They (inan.) are 8 in number. tsé-na'nóhtóha eight (of cards).

-na'nóhtȯhánėstse   vii. 8 of them (inanimate). É-na'nóhtȯhánėstse. There are 8 of them (inanimate). Category: quantity.

na'nóhtȯhe-   pv. eight. É-na'nóhtȯheaénáma. He is eight years old. Category: numbers.

na'nóhtȯhéé'ėše   p. for eight days. Category: numbers, time.

-na'nóhtȯhnoeme   vai. cost eight dollars. É-na'nóhtȯhnoeme it/he cost š8. Category: money.

na'nóhtȯhnó'e   p. eighty. Category: numbers.

na'nóhtȯhnóve   eight groups of. Category: numbers.

-na'nóhtȯhnȯxe'ohe   vii. eight o'clock. É-na'nóhtȯhnȯxe'ohe it's 8 o'clock. Category: time.

-na'nóhtȯxe   vai. be eight (an.) in number. not used with sg. subject. É-na'nóhtȯxeo'o there are eight (an.) Category: numbers.

na'nó'e   p. thirty. Etym: *ne'0w- 'three' (initial) (Go88). Category: numbers.

na'nó'e-   pv. thirty. É-na'nó'eaénáme He is 30 years old.

na'nó'e hóhtȧhnó'ka   thirty-one times. Category: numbers.

-na'nó'oeme   vii. cost $30. É-na'nó'oeme. It costs $30. Category: money.

-na'no'tonohe   vai. have three braids. not the normal style. É-na'no'tonohe. He has three braids. Category: hair.

-na'nóvahe   vai. be three; be the trinity. Ma'hēō'o é-na'nóvahe. God is three in personality. Category: sacred, numbers.

-na'nóvavó'ané   vai. say in three ways. Móhnėšena'nóvavó'anėhéhe. He explained himself those three ways. [1987:53] fai: -ó'ané. Category: speak.

ná'nóve   p. three groups of . Final -óvé. Category: numbers.

-na'nȯxe'ohe   vii. three o'clock. É-na'nȯxe'ohe. It's 3 o'clock. tséh-na'nȯxe'ohe when it was 3 o'clock. Category: time.

-ná'ȯsané   vai. warning growl. É-ná'ȯsáne. He (esp. dog) is growling a warning. vta: -ná'ót.

-ná'ót   vta. snarl at s.o., growl a warning to s.o. esp. done by a dog; does not include a bite; it is growling to try to frighten away a person, or scare another dog away from his food. É-ná'oto. He snarled at him. É-ná'ótáá'e oeškėseho. He (prox.) was snarled at by the dog. Ná-ná'ota. I was warned by his growl. vai: -ná'ȯsané. See: -maet ‘bark at s.o.’; -héškonené'ó ‘bare teeth’. Category: dogs, sounds.

na'pa'o   ni. Gram: poss my back. Category: body.

na'pa'ōne   ni. Gram: poss Gram: obl on my back. See: ma'pa'o. Category: body.

-na'sé   vai. miscarry. É-ná'se. She miscarried. Category: sickness.

-na'sené   vai. kill (people). See: -na'h. É-na'sēne. He killed/fig. he overate. Mó'ȯhkema'xėho'hé-na'senėhevóhe netao'o hováhne. All the animals used to come over to kill (all the people). (1987:247).

-na'séotse   vai. miscarry. É-na'séotse. She miscarried. See: -na'se; -hóenaa'e. Category: sickness.

na'sohtsėstse   na. stillborn child. Category: babies. Plural na'sóhtseto; Obviative na'sóhtseto.

-ná'so'eéh   vta. tease s.o., play tricks on s.o., rape s.o. General term; can be with actions. Can refer to sexual overtures, even rape; when it does it seems to have the idea of mocking a person by raping them. É-ná'so'eeho. He raped her. É-ná'so'eéhovo. They raped her (lit. teased/played tricks on her). Éohketóxe-ná'so'eeho he'óho. He goes around messing with women. See: -ná'so'eém ‘tease s.o. with words’; -péeet ‘tear up s.o.’; -náhkȯhnȧho'h(n) ‘gang-rape s.o.’; -háaenóvem ‘play tricks on s.o.’; -véstaenóvem ‘have fun with s.o.’; -áva'ó'h ‘rape s.o.’; -e'ho'ȯh(n) ‘rape s.o.’. Category: violence, sex, interpersonal.

-ná'so'ēē'e   vai. raped, have tricks played on. É-ná'so'ēē'e. She (or he) was raped/had tricks played on. Phon: vs vta: -ná'so'eéh. See: -náhkȯhnȧho'he. Category: sex, violence, vulgar.

-ná'so'eém   vta. tease s.o. (with words). É-ná'so'eemo. He is teasing him (with words). É-ná'so'eémóho. (younger speakers' pronunciation0. See: -ná'so'eéh; -ná'so'eévo'sóem; -háaenóvem. Category: speak, interpersonal.

-ná'so'eémetahe   vai. tease; joke. This word seems to be about harmless, playful, teasing, whereas -tátsetanó is negative, making fun of. É-ná'so'eémetahe. He is a teaser. Reduplicated -noná'so'eémetahe. See: -tátsetanó; -tó'hohtahe. Category: personality.

-ná'so'eémetȧhé'heóneve   vai. be a person who teases. É-ná'so'eémetȧhé'heóneve. He is a tease. Category: personality.

ná'so'eéseo'o   na. laughing stock. Plural ná'so'eéseono. Category: personality.

-ná'so'eéstómané   vai. play tricks. É-ná'so'eéstómáne. He plays tricks (for example, on people). owls and Heávohe do this.

-ná'so'eéstsé   vti. waste s.t. includes acting unwisely toward s.t. É-ná'so'eéstse. He wasted it. Reduplicated -noná'so'eéstsé.

ná'so'eéve-   pv. teasingly. Héne móhmétsėhéhe mó'ȯhkevé'še-ná'so'eévevéhehéhe. That (name) was given to her, as a nickname to tease her. [1987:21]

ná'so'eévevéhestȯtse   ni. Gram: nom nickname.

-ná'so'eévo'sóem   vta. tease play with s.o. This is teasing in play or action. É-ná'so'éevo'sóemóho. He teased him. See: -ná'so'eém ‘tease s.o. with words’; -évo'soo'e ‘play’. Category: interpersonal.

-ná'so'enohe   vai. full, satiated. É-ná'so'enohe. He's full from eating. Nééše-ná'so'enȯhehe? Are you full yet? Náéše-ná'so'enohe. I am now full. Ná-ná'so'enohe. I'm full. See: -háo'enȯhéotse; -hestomo'enohe; -nomono'enohe; -ná'tootó; -ná'tȧše'še. Final -o'enohe. Category: eat. vta: -ná'so'enot.

-ná'so'enȯhéooha'ov   vta. fill s.o. quickly with food. Nápopá'ke-ná'so'enȯhéooha'oo'e. I got filled up on just one sandwich. (humorous expression). Category: eat.

-ná'so'enȯhéotse   vai. become full from eating. Ná-ná'so'enȯhéotse I'm full from eating. Category: eat.

-ná'so'enot   vta. satiate s.o., fill s.o. with food. É-ná'so'enotóho. He fed him until he was full. Ná-ná'so'enota. She fills me up. Ná'so'enotahtse! Fill yourselves! vai: -ná'so'enohe. See: -pa'homev. Category: eat.

ná'som-   i. wither, stale.

-ná'somahe   vai. stale, withered, played out, lacks energy. É-ná'somahe. He is stale; he has no energy. can refer to being puny.

ná'some-   pv. withering. É-ná'someotse. It withered up (for example, flower). See: mo'óhkon- ??.

-ná'someénehe   vai. taste stale. É-ná'someénehe. He tastes stale (for example, fish). Category: taste.

-ná'someéno'e   vii. taste stale. É-ná'someéno'e. It tastes stale. Category: taste.

-ná'someotse   vai. withered. See: -noóneotse; -ó'eotse. É-ná'someotse. It withered. (for example, a flower). Category: plants.

-ná'somó   vii. withered, stale, played out, lacks energy. É-ná'sómo. It (for example, lettuce) is withered.

-ná'taeh   vta. startle s.o., spook s.o., scare s.o. É-ná'taehóho. He startled (and scared) him. Náná'táého. I spooked him. Ná-ná'taeha. He startled me. Né-ná'taeše. You startled me. See: -áhanaeh; -sé'hováeh. Category: emotions.

-ná'ta'ov   vta. exhaust s.o., wear s.o. out. É-ná'ta'ovóho. He exhausted him. Ques: má'ta'ov ??

-ná'ta'xāne   vai. exhausted from crying. É-ná'ta'xāne. He was exhausted from crying. Category: cry.

-ná'tȧše'še   vai. full from drinking (or nursing). É-ná'tȧše'še. He's full from drinking. See: -ná'tootó; -ná'so'enohe; -nonótovȧše'še; -ase'še; -mane; -ná'tȯseše. Category: drink.

-ná'tomȧhesené   vai. count coup ?? É-ná'tomȧhesēne. He counted coup. See: -na'hané. Category: warfare.

ná'tome-   pv. nothing, with nothing ?? Ná-ná'tomėho'eōhtse tséohkėho'eohtsese? I came with nothing. É-ná'tomėhe'haa'e. He doesn't cough as much anymore. (BELONG IN THIS ENTRY??) See: vovóe-.

-ná'tomóehné   vai. bear first child. É-ná'tomóéhne. She bore her first child. Category: babies, family.

ná'tomóehnohtsėstse   na. Gram: nom the oldest child; first child. he-ná'tomóehnóhtseto his (or her) oldest child. See: ma'kō'se; no'kóehnohtsėstse.

-na'tóné   vai. kill game, bag game. É-na'tóne. He killed. Náho'ėhé-na'tónéme. We brought back a kill. Nééše-na'tónehe? Did you bag game? Etym: cf. M naeqtakae:w. vta: -na'h ‘kill s.o.’. Category: hunt.

na'tónemȧhēō'o   ni. slaughterhouse. Category: butcher.

na'tónetane   na. butcher. Lit: slaughter-man vai: -na'tóné. Category: animals, jobs.

na'tónevé'ho'e   na. butcher. Category: jobs. Lit: butchering-whiteman

-ná'tootó   vai. 1 • full from nursing. can be from breastfeeding or nursing from a bottle. É-ná'toōto. He is full from nursing.

2 • finish visiting with one's mother. Usage: humorous when used figuratively See: -néne; -ná'so'enohe; -ná'tȧše'še. Category: drink, babies.

-ná'tóóva   vai. exhausted from being in rain. É-ná'tóóva. He is so tired of being in the rain. Medial -óová. Category: liquid.

-ná'tose   vai. cold. Ná-ná'tose. I am cold. Final -ose. See: -ná'tsevo'ose; -ta'pose; má'se-. Category: temperature.

-ná'tȯsėhahtávose   vai. cold feet. Ná-ná'tȯsėhahtávose. My feet are cold. Synonym -toehahtáohtsé. See: -toehahtá. Category: body, temperature.

-ná'tȯsėhe'onávose   vai. have cold hands. Ná-ná'tȯsėhe'onávose. My hands are cold. Category: temperature. BodyPartMedial -he'oná. Category: body. See: -ná'tose.

-ná'tȯse'ėstávose   vai. cold ears. Ná-ná'tȯse'ėstávose. My ears are cold. Category: body. See: -ná'tose. BodyPartMedial -'está.

-ná'tȯseše   vai. lie cold. É-ná'tȯséše. He's cold lying (there). See: -ná'tȧše'še. Category: lie.

-ná'tȯsévomóhtahe   vai. have malaria. Lit: feel.cold-condition É-ná'tȯsévomóhtahe. He has malaria. [PD] The name came from having the chills during malaria attacks (PD). Category: sickness.

-na'tóvohe   vai. beat child(ren), scold child(ren). This refers to beating of one's own child(ren). Striking one's child for punishment is considered improper within Cheyenne tradition. Specific prohibitions against hitting your child were taught. Spanking, as done by non-Indians, is considered to be harsh and perhaps even cruel. Forms of Ch. discipline which have been permitted are verbal rebuke, scaring a child with frightening stories, and throwing water on a child. É-na'tóvohe. He beats his child(ren). fai: -óvohe. See: -oom; -taa'é. Category: family.

-na'tóvȯhéoohe   vai. beat child(ren). É-na'tovȯhéoohe He/she was spanking his/her child.

-na'tsé   vti. kill s.t. É-ná'tse. He killed it. É-na'tsénóvo. They killed it. vta: -na'h.

ná'tse-   i. exhausted, die.

pv. Ques: Does the following belong in this entry?? É-ná'tseéna'he. He died of old age. É-ná'tseāne. She died in childbirth. É-ná'tsėhahtávose. He has cold feet. See: má'se-.

-ná'tseané   vai. die in childbirth. É-ná'tseāne. She died in childbirth. can be a woman; cow; dog; etc. See: -ané. Category: sickness.

-ná'tsėhahtávose   vai. have cold feet. Ná-ná'tsėhahtávose. I have cold feet. BodyPartMedial -hahtá; fai: -ose. See: -nae'hahtáohtsé. Category: feet, temperature.

-ná'tse'ėstávose   vai. ears cold - have. É-ná'tse'ėstávose. His ears are cold. ?? See: -ma'e'ėstávose ‘ears red from cold’. Category: ears, temperature.

-ná'tsé'ha   vai. exhausted from flying. É-ná'tsé'ha. He was exhausted from flying. Category: fly.

-ná'tse'háoohe   vai. exhausted from flying. É-ná'tse'háoohe. He is exhausted from flying. Category: fly.

-ná'tseohe   vai. exhausted. esp. from physical activity such as running or boxing. Nėhe'še móhnėxxae-ná'tseohehéhe. Then she was all played out. [1987:246]

-ná'tseohtsé   vai. be exhausted. móh-ná'tseohtsėhéhe She was played out (1987:246).

-ná'tseotse   vai. exhausted - become. É-ná'tseotse. He ran out of energy.

-ná'tsetanó   vai. heartbroken. for example, to die from loneliness for a lost loved one. É-ná'tsetāno. He is heartbroken. See: -sȯséveotse. Category: emotions. Ques: PD: long; pine

-ná'tsetanó'tov   vta. heart ache for s.o. É-ná'tsetanó'tovóho. He's lonely for him. See: -hoónȯsé'ot; -nȯhtsevátam. Category: interpersonal, emotions.

-ná'tsetanóotse   vai. faint. É-ná'tsetanóotse. He fainted. (éxȯh)to'se-ná'tsetanóotséhoo'o tséhná'taehaa'ėse né=homā'e That beaver almost scared him (prox.) to death. (1987:277). Reduplicated -noná'tsetanóotse. See: -naeotse; -ná'taeh. Category: body function.

-ná'tsevo'eše   vai. fall exhausted, exhausted fall. É-ná'tsevo'ēše. He fell from exhaustion. Móhma'xeno-ná'tsevo'ėšenȧhevóhe. They fell exhausted. [1987:246] Category: fall.

-ná'tsevo'ose   vai. have chills. É-ná'tsevo'ose. He has the chills. fai: -ose. Category: sickness.

na'xeha   vta. Gram: impv Kill him! vta: -na'h. Category: violence.

-na'xévaen   vta. 1 • kill s.o. quickly. can refer to beating up one's (own) wife. faster action than na'h-. É-na'xévaenóho. He killed him quickly. Móohkeéema'xe-na'xévaenaehevovóhe tséohkeméhaeoné'seómo'eétȧhévȯse. The (spirits' rattles) hit them (on the head), those who used to believe that way. [1987:146]

2 • whack s.o., hit s.o. quickly. Usage: fig. Final -évaen. See: -na'h; -ne'enéseh; -oom. Category: violence.

namȧhta'sóoma   ni. Gram: poss my shadow, my soul. var: nȧhta'sóoma. See: mȧhta'sóoma.

namėhāne   na. my older sister. Stem -meh. Category: relatives.

námėšeme   voc. This is the pronunciation for speaking to your grandfather. The tones (pitches) are different (namėšéme) if you are talking about your grandfather. Grandfather! IndepNoun namėšéme ‘my grandfather’. Category: relatives.

namėšéme   na. Gram: poss my grandfather; my father-in-law. Simplified Spelling namshim; Plural namėšemo; Vocative námėšeme; Stem -mėšéme; Feminine néške'éehe. Category: relatives.

-nameta   vai. snort. for example, of a buffalo about to charge. É-nameta. He snorted. See: -namȯhóov. Category: animals.

-namȯhóov   vta. feign a motion at s.o. É-namȯhóovóho. He feigned a motion to him. See: -hóov; -nameta. Category: sign.

-namósé   vai. lefthanded. É-namóse. He is lefthanded. var: -henamósé. See: henamósésto; Ma'xenámosėstse. Etym: *namanci (Pi) ‘left side’. Category: hand, positions.

Námȯsé'héhe   na. Left-handed Woman. Category: names.

námosėstse   na. 1 • left-handed person.

2 • Lefty. See: Ma'xenámosėstse; -henamósé. Category: hand, names.

-naná   vti. recognize s.t. É-nána. He recognized it. vta: -nanóv. Category: cognition.

-nanátanó'tov   vta. make up with s.o.; reconcile with s.o. Tseévaonése-nanátanó'tovóho. He's going to try to make up with him. Category: interpersonal.

-nané   fai. make. Émȧheó-náne. He made houses. Ékóhkonȯheó-náne. She made bread. vti: -manestsé.

-nanéahtá   vti. recognize s.t. by its sound. É-nanéáhta. He recognized it by its sound. Épėhéve-nanéahtohe. It is easily understood. (lit. good-recognized). See: -nané'áhta. Category: sounds.

-nanéahtov   vta. recognize s.o. by voice. É-nanéahtovóho. He recognized his voice. É-nanéahtovóho tséháoena'toese. (God) recognizes those who pray to him. [1987:203] Naa oha mósta-nanéahtovȯhevóhe tséhešenéehóvetsėse heéháme. But she recognized his voice, that it was (the voice of) her husband. [1987:296] See: -nanov. Category: voice.

nánéehove   vai. I am the one. Nánéehove ka'ėškóne. I am a child. See: -néehove.

-nanehe   vai. paralyzed, stroke - have a. É-nanehe. He had a stroke/he is paralyzed. See: nae-. Category: sickness.

-nané'ahtá   vti. recognize s.t. by its taste. É-nané'áhta. He recognized it by its taste. See: -nanéahtá.

-nanématóhtá   vti. recognize s.t. by its smell. É-nanématóhta. He recognized it by its smell. Category: smell.

nanéso   na. Gram: poss my child. nanésonėhaneo'o our (excl) children. Plural nanésoneho; Stem -néso. See: nenéso ‘your child’. Category: family.

-nanévah(n)   vta. recognize s.o. (by touch or texture). See: -nanéahtov. É-nanévȧhnóho He recognized him by his texture (or touch or feel).

nanévėséto   ni. glass, bottle. namely, a clear container. Nánévėsétóéva éhvé'ho'tátsénėse hénova'etse. Something was in the bottle. [1987:55] Plural nanévėsétónėstse; Oblique nánévėsétóéva. Category: containers.

-nanévėsétoeve   vii. be glass. É-nanévėsétoeve. It's a glass.

nanévėsév-   i. clear, transparent.

nanévėsévetohko   ni. glass dish. some may also gloss this as 'drinking glass' ?? Plural nanévėsévetóhkonȯtse. See: vetohko. Category: containers.

nanévėsévo'ho'kȧsénȧhnestȯtse   ni. lamp. Category: light. Lit: transparent(.glass)-light-NOM

-nanévėsévoome   vii. clear water. É-nanévėsévoome. the water is clean/clear/sparkling. Antonym -ho'sótoome. Category: liquid.

Nanévėsévoomemahpe   Clear Creek. this is Deer Creek which flows into S. Canadian near Bridgeport, Okla. Category: rivers.

-nano   sfx. imperative suffix for action on plural third person. Vovóeše-nano! Comfort them! var: -naho. Category: grammar.

nanóe-   pv. go ahead; if you wish. Ques: reck with other speakers ?? shows attitute of speaker ?? Nanóenėhešeha! It didn't kill her to say that! / He's saying it now! (but refused to say it for a long time). Category: exclamations.

-nanohe   vta. Gram: pass recognized. É-nanohe. He (or it) was recognized. tsésáa-nanóhehane ame'hahtȯtse UFO (lit. that which is not recognized flying-thing) (neologism). vta: -nanov.

-nanohtá   vti. recognize s.t. É-nanōhta. He recognized it. vai: -nanov. Category: cognition.

nánȯhtsé'e   p. and also ?? See: naa.

-náno'e   fii. appear, look. Épėhéve-náno'e. It looks nice; it's beautiful. Usage: less frequently used than -nóno'e var: -nóno'e; fai: -nóohe. Category: appearance.

náno's-   i. best. See: náno't-. Category: quality.

náno'se-   pv. best, most. É-náno'sepėhéva'e. It is the best. hé'tóhe tsé-náno'setotóxésto the main thing she talked about (1987:12). See: háe-; hoháe-; hehpe-; heóme-. Category: quantity.

náno't-   i. best. See: náno's-. Category: quality.

-náno'tahe   vai. most important, best, main one. É-náno'tahe. He is the most important one. for instance, this could be said of a tribal president. Naa móh-náno'tȧhehéhe ameméohéstóva. And she was the best one at running. [1987:245] vii: -náno'tátó. See: -ne'tahe.

-náno'tátó   vii. best. É-náno'táto. It is the best. Category: quality.

-náno'tó'ané   vai. pronounce strongest. É-náno'tó'áne. He pronounced (something) strongest. ?? Taase é-náno'to'anéstove? Which is the strongest (in pronunciation)? fai: -ó'ané. Category: speak.

-nanomóné   vai. make peace; peace - make. Lit: recognize in a significant cultural way, to "recognize" s.o. is to make peace with him. É-nanomóne. He made peace/he is a peacemaker. See: -nanósané; -nanov. Category: warfare.

Nanomóne-éšeēva   Armistice Day. Lit: recognition("peace")-day Category: holidays.

nanomónéhe   na. peacemaker; reconciler.

Nanomóné'e   Peacemaker Woman.

na. Category: warfare, names.

nanomónestȯtse   ni. Gram: nom peace; reconciliation. Lit: recognition in the Cheyenne framework, to recognize someone is to be reconciled to them, i.e., make peace with them. See: nanovȧhtsestȯtse; he'kotȧhestȯtse; ována'xaetanohtȯtse.

-nanónehe   vai. uncaring. Usage: commonly used, but only with the negative Ésáa-nanónėhéhe. He has no pity/he doesn't care; lacks feelings of mercy; he'll go to any lengths to hurt s.o.; he doesn't give a damn. See: -mé'emo'eéh; -hová'ėhevátsestá; -ó'xo'ená'tsé. Category: emotions.

-nanóohto'ha'ehné   vai. walk very slowly. É-nanóohto'ha'ēhne. He's taking his time walking ; he's walking very slowly. Category: walk.

nánóó'ėse   p. slowly and carefully. See: ánénóó'ėse.

-nanósané   vai. recognize (people). Éohkeéva-nanósáne. He forgives people (lit. he recognizes again). vta: -nanóv. See: -nanomóné. Category: cognition.

nanóse'hame   na. 1 • cougar, mountain lion, lion, panther, tiger. Plural nanósé'háme; Obviative nanósé'háme. Category: animals.

2 • Cougar; Mountain Lion. Category: names.

nanóse'hamēso   na. mountain lion kitten, baby cougar. Plural nanóse'hamėsono. Category: animals.

-nanóseoneve   vai. recognized. É-nanóseoneve. He (or it) is recognized. See: -vóoseoneve.

-nanov   vta. 1 • recognize s.o. É-nanóvȧhtseo'o. They recognize each other/they have made peace. É-nanovóho. He recognized him. Phon: vcpr vai: -nanóné; vti: -nanohtá. Etym: cf. M nena:we:w. Né-nanóehe? Did he recognize you? See: -naná; -a'xaót; -he-vésenéhe'tov; -vonetanó'tá. Etym: *nena:we:wa ‘I recognize him’. Category: interpersonal.

2 • make peace with s.o., reconcile with s.o. Usage: fig. Nétaéva-nanóvȧhtsémáne! Let's recognize each other again! (that is, reconcile; forgive). É-nanóvȧhtséstove. There is peace/there is reconciliation. Such reconciliation with another is typically shown by shaking hands; this cultural sign is a way of indicating forgiveness for which there is no single Cheyenne word. Category: cognition.

nánóváne   ni. Gram: poss our (excl.) home. See: nénovane. Usage: obsolescing

-naoestoh(n)   vta. stun s.o., knock out s.o. for example, swatting a fly but only knocking it out and it recovers. Nétáve-naoestōhno. You stunned him.

náoo   p. wow!, my! female exclamation. See: éaa ‘male exclamation’. Phon: may be lengthened for greater effect var: nóoo. Category: exclamations.

-naóotse   vai. sleep. É-naóotse. He is sleeping. Nápėhéve-naóotse. I slept well. Naóotsėstse! Sleep! Tȧhé-naóotsėstse! Go sleep! This Cheyenne verb stem looks like it has the AI final -otse, but, if so, then-naóotséotse has two -otse finals. Ta'se éxaevá'ne-naóotse. It's like he's just sleeping (esp. said of the way s.o. looks who is lying dead in a coffin). É-naóotóho. He (obv, for example, his son) is sleeping. Pėhéve-naóotséhéne! Sleep well then! (said to more than one person). naóotsévahe  ?? Go to sleep! (something like a lullaby statement to a small child). First person: Épėhévoestomo'he. Second person: ȯh-naóotsesėstse! First person: She is kind. Second person: when she's asleep (humorous response about a sister-in-law). fai: -énome. See: -naóotseotse ‘fall asleep’. Etym: cf. *nepe:wa vs. *nepa:wa. Category: sleep.

-naóotsémané   vai. pretend to be sleeping. É-naóotsémáne He's pretending to be asleep/he's playing sleep. fai: -mané. Category: sleep.

-naóotséotse   vai. go to sleep, asleep - fall, fall asleep. É-naóotseotse. He went to sleep. See: -naóotse ‘sleep’; -nomoneotse ‘become drowsy’. Category: sleep.

-naóotsétanó   vai. want to sleep. Ná-naóotsétáno. I want to sleep. Náohkėsáa'éne-naóotsétanóhe. I never quit feeling sleepy. See: -nomoneotse. Category: sleep.

-naóotsévéné   vai. sleepy face. É-naóotsévéne. He has a sleepy looking face. Category: face.

-naóotsévėsané   vai. wear night clothes, wear a nightgown, wear pajamas. É-naóotsévėsáne. He's wearing night clothes. fai: -sané₂. Category: dress.

naóotsévo'keha   ni. slipper. Lit: sleep-shoe Category: clothing. Plural naóotsévo'kėhanȯtse.

-naóotsevomóhtahe   vai. feel sleepy. probably not of ordinary drowsiness but rather of a deeper condition such as spring fever. É-naóotsevomóhtahe He feels sleepy (for example, has spring fever).

Náoxhóé'éhne   na. Bear Comes Out. var: Náhkȯxhóé'éhne. See: náhkohe. Category: names.

Náoxhóé'éhnėstse   na. Bear Comes Out. var: Náhkȯxhóé'éhnėstse. See: náhkohe. Category: names.

násemáhe   na. Gram: poss my younger sibling. Násemáhasėstse! Younger siblings (voc.)! See: -vásem. Category: relatives.

nȧstona   na. Gram: poss my daughter. Usage: pronunciation alternate of some younger speakers today; the historically more commonly used form is nȧhtona var: nȧhtona. Category: relatives.

natonėše   ni. Gram: poss my belly. Category: body.

natsénota   na. Gram: poss my cross-nephew. that is, son of my sister if I am a male, or son of my brother if I am a female. Category: relatives.

navéhoname   na. Gram: poss my chief. IndepNoun veho.

navenȯtse   ni. Gram: poss my camp, my home. See: nénóve; énóváne; -venȯtse. Category: house.

naveo'o   na. Gram: poss my co-wife. This is a woman who is also a wife to my husband. See: hevéono.

navétóva   ni. Gram: poss my body.

navétove   ni. Gram: poss my body. Usage: obsolescing The older form of this word was nétove, which is now archaic. var: nétove; Stem -vétove. Category: body.

navéxaho   na. Gram: poss my grandchildren. var: néxahe. newer pronunciation than néxahe. Category: relatives.

navoestȯtse   na. Gram: poss my dress. Category: clothing. Possessive -voestȯtse.

navóhkėha'e   ni. Gram: poss my hat. IndepNoun hóhkėha'e. Category: clothing.

navōhto   na. my pants. a single pair. Plural navȯhtoho; Possessive -vohtó. Category: clothing.

navo'ėstanémasėstse   na. Gram: poss Gram: voc my people. Criers would use this word to address the people. See: -vo'ėstanem.

navo'ėstaneme   na. Gram: poss my person. Plural navo'ėstanemo. The plural means 'my family.'.

navo'ota   ni. Gram: poss my choker. Category: clothing. Stem -vo'ota.

návóohestonāne   na. Gram: poss our relative. Category: relatives. Stem -vóohestot.

návóohestoto   na. Gram: poss my relatives. Stem -vóohestȯtse.

navóohestȯtse   na. Gram: poss my relative. navóohestoto my relatives. Stem -vóohestȯtse. Category: relatives.

navȯxeono   na. Gram: poss my socks. Possessive -vȯxeo'o. Category: clothing.

náxȧhtáhpeo'o   na. reptile. Usage: translation as 'reptile' uncertain Lit: slimy/slipper one ?? Plural náxȧhtáhpeono; Obviative náxȧhtáhpeono.

nȧ-xāne   voc. my maternal uncle (voc.) Category: relatives.

-nȧxovoeotse   vai. collapse. É-nȧxovoeotse. He collapsed.

-né₁   num. TA suffix for first person plural exclusive. Návóomaēne. He saw us (excl). See: -ne₁ ‘1/2PL’. Category: grammar.